{"id":1927,"date":"2015-12-28T10:44:30","date_gmt":"2015-12-28T02:44:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.rchss.sinica.edu.tw\/wwchu\/?p=1927"},"modified":"2015-12-28T10:44:30","modified_gmt":"2015-12-28T02:44:30","slug":"%e5%9c%8b%e6%b0%91%e6%89%80%e5%be%97%e4%bb%a3%e8%a1%a8%e7%94%9a%e9%ba%bc%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.rchss.sinica.edu.tw\/wwchu\/?p=1927","title":{"rendered":"\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u4ee3\u8868\u751a\u9ebc\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u77bf\u5b9b\u6587, <\/span>\u300a\u7576\u7d93\u6fdf\u6307\u6a19\u7d71\u6cbb\u6211\u5011\u300b\u63a8\u85a6\u5e8f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5361\u62c9\u8c9d\u723e\u8457\uff0c<\/span>2015<\/span>\uff0c\u300a\u7576\u7d93\u6fdf\u6307\u6a19\u7d71\u6cbb\u6211\u5011\u300b\uff0c\u8449\u5bb6\u8208\u3001\u8449\u5609\u8b6f\uff0c\u65b0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u5de6\u5cb8\u6587\u5316\uff0c<\/span>11-16<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>\u9019\u7bc7\u77ed\u6587\u662f\u300a\u7576\u7d93\u6fdf\u6307\u6a19\u7d71\u6cbb\u6211\u5011\u300b\u4e00\u66f8\u7684\u63a8\u85a6\u5e8f\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4fee\u6539\u81ea\u6211\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u820a\u6587\uff0c\u6b64\u6b21\u61c9\u7de8\u8f2f\u4e4b\u9080\u4fee\u6539\u5f8c\u4f5c\u70ba\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u63a8\u85a6\u5e8f\u8a00\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u96d6\u4e0d\u65b0\u4f46\u8b70\u984c\u537b\u4e0d\u6703\u8001\uff0c\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u78ba\u5be6\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u5f88\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u66f8\uff0c\u8a73\u8ff0\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u7d93\u6fdf\u6307\u6a19\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u6b77\u7a0b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u6b64\u8cbc\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e26\u63a8\u85a6\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>\u4e00\u500b\u793e\u6703\u61c9\u8a72\u4fdd\u6301\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u7684\u5171\u8b58\uff0c\u800c\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u53c8\u5e7e\u4e4e\u88ab\u7576\u6210\u662f\u6210\u9577\u7684\u540c\u7fa9\u8a5e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u884c\u70ba\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u74b0\u4fdd\u6297\u722d\uff09\u82e5\u88ab\u6307\u70ba\u662f\u6703\u59a8\u7919\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\uff0c\u4f3c\u5c31\u6210\u4e86\u7121\u53ef\u8faf\u8b77\u7684\u7f6a\u904e\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u771f\u7684\u6e05\u695a\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u55ce\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u76ee\u524d\u88ab\u7528\u4f86\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u7684\u6307\u6a19\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u570b\u6c11\u751f\u7522\u6bdb\u984d\uff08<\/span>Gross National Product<\/span>\uff0c\u7c21\u7a31<\/span>GNP<\/span>\uff09\u3002\u82e5\u5f9e<\/span>GNP<\/span>\u4e2d\u6e1b\u53bb\u8cc7\u672c\u6298\u820a\u8207\u9593\u63a5\u7a05\u5247\u70ba\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\uff0c\u518d\u5c07\u5176\u9664\u4ee5\u4e00\u570b\u4eba\u53e3\u6578\u5373\u662f\u5e73\u5747\u500b\u4eba\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u3002\u4e5f\u6709\u4eba\u7528\u5e73\u5747\u500b\u4eba\u570b\u6c11\u751f\u7522\u6bdb\u984d\uff08<\/span>per capita GNP<\/span>\uff09\u3002<\/span>GNP<\/span>\u662f\u4ee5\u570b\u6c11\u70ba\u8a08\u7b97\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u901a\u7528\u6307\u6a19\u2500\u2500\u570b\u5167\u751f\u7522\u6bdb\u984d\uff08<\/span>Gross Domestic Product<\/span>\uff0c\u7c21\u7a31<\/span>GDP<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u5247\u662f\u8a08\u7b97\u8a72\u5e74\u5728\u8a72\u570b\u570b\u5167\u6240\u751f\u7522\u7684\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u8a08\u5165\u570b\u6c11\u7684\u6d77\u5916\u6240\u5f97\u3002\u7e3d\u4e4b\uff0c<\/span>GNP<\/span>\u6216\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u9019\u7d44\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6703\u56e0\u5305\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u67d0\u4e9b\u9805\u76ee\uff08\u5982\u570b\u5916\u6240\u5f97\uff09\u800c\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u540d\u7a31\uff0c\u9664\u9019\u4e9b\u7d30\u5fae\u7684\u5dee\u5225\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u70ba\u4e86\u7c21\u5316\uff0c\u6b64\u5f8c\u6587\u4e2d\u5c07\u7528\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\uff08\u6216\u5e73\u5747\u500b\u4eba\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\uff09\u4f86\u4ee3\u8868<\/span>GNP<\/span>\u548c\u5b83\u95dc\u806f\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>\u7c21\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c<\/span>GNP<\/span>\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\uff08\u6216\u4e00\u500b\u6642\u671f\u4e2d\uff09\u4e00\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u751f\u7522\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u53ca\u52de\u52d9\u7684\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u570b\u6c11\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\u5f9e\u4e8b\u5546\u54c1\u751f\u7522\u6240\u5275\u9020\u4e4b\u50f9\u503c\u7e3d\u984d\u3002\u8a08\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u5c07\u570b\u6c11\u5168\u5e74\u4e4b\u85aa\u8cc7\u6240\u5f97\u8207\u975e\u85aa\u8cc7\u6240\u5f97\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5229\u6f64\u3001\u5229\u606f\u3001\u5730\u79df\u7b49\uff09\u7e3d\u5408\u8a08\u7b97\u800c\u5f97\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7531\u6240\u5f97\u9762\u4f86\u6e2c\u91cf\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\u570b\u6c11\u5f9e\u4e8b\u751f\u7522\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u6210\u679c\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u5247\u662f\u7531\u652f\u51fa\u9762\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u4e00\u570b\u4e00\u5e74\u4e4b\u7e3d\u7522\u503c\u4e0d\u662f\u6d88\u8cbb\u6389\u3001\u6216\u662f\u7701\u4e0b\u4f86\u6295\u8cc7\u3001\u5c31\u662f\u5916\u92b7\u5230\u570b\u5916\u53bb\u4e86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u9019\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u5c07\u6700\u7d42\u6d88\u8cbb\u53ca\u6295\u8cc7\u652f\u51fa\u3001\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\uff08\u6700\u7d42\u6d88\u8cbb\u8207\u6295\u8cc7\uff09\u652f\u51fa\u53ca\u5916\u92b7\u984d\u52a0\u7e3d\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u518d\u6e1b\u53bb\u9032\u53e3\u984d\u5373\u662f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7121\u8ad6\u8a08\u7b97\u65b9\u5f0f\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u6240\u6e2c\u91cf\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u570b\u7684\u751f\u7522\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u662f\u70ba\u5e02\u5834\u751f\u7522\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u88ab\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u751f\u7522\u6d3b\u52d5\u662f\u751f\u7522\u7d93\u7531\u5e02\u5834\u4ea4\u6613\u7684\u5546\u54c1\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u662f\u516c\u958b\u7684\u3001\u88ab\u767b\u9304\u7684\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u8aaa\uff0c\u82e5\u4f60\u70ba\u4e00\u751f\u7522\u96fb\u8166\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u751f\u7522\u6d3b\u52d5\u6240\u5f97\uff08\u85aa\u8cc7\uff09\u7576\u7136\u662f\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u4e2d\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4f60\u70ba\u793e\u5340\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u7121\u511f\u670d\u52d9\u52de\u52d5\u5247\u4e0d\u88ab\u7b97\u9032\u53bb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5047\u5982\u4f60\u5728\u5f8c\u9662\u81ea\u5df1\u7a2e\u83dc\uff0c\u518d\u5c07\u83dc\u8ce3\u7d66\u5e02\u5834\uff0c\u5247\u4f60\u7684\u7a2e\u83dc\u6d3b\u52d5\u662f\u7b97\u5728\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u88cf\u9762\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u5c07\u83dc\u6d88\u8cbb\u6389\u6216\u5206\u8d08\u89aa\u53cb\uff0c\u5247\u4e0d\u88ab\u5305\u62ec\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u82e5\u5c07\u83dc\u9001\u7d66\u4e00\u4f4d\u91ab\u751f\u800c\u63db\u5f97\u514d\u8cbb\u91ab\u7642\uff0c\u5247\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u52de\u52d5\u7684\u4ea4\u63db\u5728\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u662f\u61c9\u88ab\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u4e0d\u662f\u516c\u958b\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u767b\u9304\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u4e0d\u88ab\u5305\u62ec\u3002\u540c\u6a23\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u9ed1\u5e02\u4ea4\u6613\u3001\u6216\u9003\u7a05\u884c\u70ba\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u88ab\u5305\u62ec\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u9019\u7a2e\u9003\u907f\u8207\u975e\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u4e0d\u88ab\u8a08\u7b97\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u52de\u52d9\u82e5\u662f\u4e0d\u8a08\u916c\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u88ab\u8a08\u7b97\u5728\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u4e2d\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u7576\u5bb6\u5ead\u589e\u52a0\u5728\u5e02\u5834\u4e0a\u8cfc\u8cb7\u9019\u4e9b\u52de\u52d9\uff08\u5982\u4e3b\u5a66\u5c11\u4e0b\u5eda\u800c\u591a\u8cb7\u4e86\u4e9b\u5916\u5e36\uff09\uff0c\u5247\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u6703\u56e0\u6b64\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5546\u54c1\u5316\u7a0b\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5546\u54c1\u5316\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u8b8a\u52d5\u4ecd\u662f\u6703\u5b58\u5728\u800c\u7522\u751f\u8aa4\u5c0e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u82e5\u7528\u9019\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u8207\u67b6\u69cb\u53bb\u6e2c\u91cf\u975e\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u6210\u9577\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u8a08\u756b\u7d93\u6fdf\u3001\u81ea\u7d66\u81ea\u8db3\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u6216\u5e02\u5834\u6a5f\u5236\u5f88\u4e0d\u767c\u9054\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u754c\u570b\u5bb6\uff09\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5c07\u5176\u4f5c\u570b\u969b\u9593\u4e4b\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u5247\u6703\u6709\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u9019\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u7d93\u6fdf\u9ad4\u4e3b\u8981\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8cf4\u5e02\u5834\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u7522\u54c1\u4ea4\u6613\u7684\u50f9\u683c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u5e02\u5834\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u50cf\u7576\u5e74\u8607\u806f\u9019\u7a2e\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u7684\u8a08\u5283\u7d93\u6fdf\uff0c\u5c0d\u7522\u91cf\u662f\u6709\u8a73\u7d30\u8a18\u9304\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u5011\u7522\u54c1\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u50f9\u683c\u69cb\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7d93\u7531\u8a08\u756b\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff0c\u548c\u570b\u969b\u4e0a\u7684\u50f9\u683c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u9019\u554f\u984c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u80fd\u7531\u5c0d\u50f9\u683c\u4f5c\u8abf\u6574\u4f86\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u3002\u800c\u5728\u5e02\u5834\u6a5f\u5236\u4e0d\u767c\u9054\u7684\u843d\u5f8c\u570b\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff0c\u7d71\u8a08\u8cc7\u6599\u54c1\u8cea\u539f\u672c\u5c31\u4e0d\u597d\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u751f\u7522\u6d3b\u52d5\u4e0d\u7d93\u904e\u5e02\u5834\u4e26\u4e14\u6c92\u6709\u8a18\u9304\u3002\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u6240\u300c\u63a8\u4f30\u300d\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u6578\u503c\u4e4b\u6709\u6548\u6027\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u62ff\u4f86\u8207\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5546\u54c1\u5316\u7684\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u9ad4\u5236\u4e0b\u7684\u6578\u5b57\u4f5c\u570b\u969b\u6bd4\u8f03\u5247\u66f4\u503c\u5f97\u5b58\u7591\u3002\u505a\u570b\u969b\u6bd4\u8f03\u6642\uff0c\u727d\u6d89\u5230\u5404\u570b\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u532f\u7387\u8f49\u63db\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u300c\u9069\u7576\u7684\u300d\u7269\u50f9\u5e73\u6e1b\u6307\u6578\u4f86\u5c0d\u5404\u570b\u4e4b\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u6578\u5b57\u4f5c\u5e73\u6e1b\u4ee5\u53d6\u5f97\u300c\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u300d\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u4ee5\u4f5c\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002\u570b\u969b\u5747\u8861\u532f\u7387\u7167\u7406\u8aaa\u61c9\u4f7f\u5404\u570b\u8ca8\u5e63\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u8cfc\u8cb7\u529b\u5747\u7b49\u3002\u4f46\u9019\u5728\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5316\u570b\u5bb6\u9593\uff08\u5176\u5546\u54c1\u4e92\u76f8\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6d41\u901a\uff09\u90fd\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u9054\u5230\uff0c\u4f55\u6cc1\u662f\uff08\u5176\u5546\u54c1\u6d41\u901a\u5ea6\u4e0d\u9ad8\u7684\uff09\u975e\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7d93\u6fdf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5176\u6b21\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u7684\u6210\u672c\u90fd\u6c92\u6709\u5f9e\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u4e2d\u6263\u9664\u3002\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\u65e9\u5df2\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u9019\u4e9b\u6210\u672c\u8207\u4ee3\u50f9\u3002\u8af8\u5982\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u6c61\u67d3\u3001\u90fd\u5e02\u5316\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u7e2e\u5c0f\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u5f37\u5ea6\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u3001\u4e0a\u4e0b\u73ed\u4ea4\u901a\u6642\u9593\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u7576\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u589e\u52a0\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6210\u672c\u4e5f\u5728\u6210\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u589e\u9577\uff0c\u4f46\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u53ea\u8a08\u7b97\u6210\u9577\u4e4b\u5229\u76ca\uff08\u751f\u7522\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u5e02\u5834\u50f9\u503c\uff09\u800c\u4e0d\u8a08\u7b97\u5176\u8ca0\u9762\u7684\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u6709\u8f03\u60b2\u89c0\u7684\u4eba\u751a\u81f3\u8a8d\u70ba\u7576\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u6210\u672c\u5f9e\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u4e2d\u6263\u9664\u5f8c\uff0c\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u5c07\u5e7e\u4e4e\u5168\u90e8\u6d88\u5931\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9019\u4e9b\u6210\u672c\u9762\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6c92\u6709\u73fe\u6210\u7684\u5e02\u5834\u50f9\u683c\u53ef\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u7528\u4f86\u8a08\u7b97\u5176\u5e02\u5834\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u6240\u8981\u8861\u91cf\u5176\u50f9\u503c\u4e26\u8207\u548c\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u4e2d\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u7e3d\u503c\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u662f\u6bd4\u8f03\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u7d55\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u5176\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u62ff\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u4f86\u7576\u4f5c\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u4e4b\u6307\u6a19\u6642\uff0c\u662f\u5047\u8a2d\u4e86\u9019\u793e\u6703\u6240\u751f\u7522\u3001\u552e\u8ce3\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u7522\u54c1\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u53ef\u6b32\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5176\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u5373\u662f\u6210\u9577\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u798f\u5229\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7522\u54c1\u4e26\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u9019\u7a2e\u6027\u8cea\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u8aaa\u8ecd\u4e8b\u53ca\u8b66\u5bdf\u8cbb\u7528\uff0c\u5c31\u7dad\u6301\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u793e\u6703\u79e9\u5e8f\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u57fa\u672c\u4e4b\u652f\u51fa\u6216\u8a31\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u6703\u662f\u9019\u7a2e\u8cbb\u7528\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u5247\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u6108\u5feb\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u82e5\u793e\u6703\u6cbb\u5b89\u60e1\u5316\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u589e\u52a0\u516c\u5171\u53ca\u79c1\u4eba\u8b66\u885b\u652f\u51fa\uff0c\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u537b\u56e0\u800c\u5f97\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002\u66fe\u6709\u4eba\u4e3b\u5f35\u5c07\u9019\u985e\u8cbb\u7528\u5f9e\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u4e2d\u6263\u9664\uff0c\u4f46\u81f3\u4eca\u4e00\u822c\u4ecd\u662f\u88ab\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u539f\u5247\u5c31\u662f\u8a08\u5165\u70ba\u5e02\u5834\u751f\u7522\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u5728\u89e3\u91cb\u5e73\u5747\u500b\u4eba\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u6642\u4e5f\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u5206\u914d\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u6bdb\u984d\u9664\u4ee5\u570b\u6c11\u6578\u662f\u5e73\u5747\u500b\u4eba\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u773e\u6240\u9031\u77e5\uff0c\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u4f48\u7684\u3002\u5728\u4ee5\u5f80\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u5728\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u843d\u5f8c\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u7d00\u9304\u8981\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\u5206\u914d\u660e\u986f\u6709\u60e1\u5316\u7684\u8da8\u52e2\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6240\u8ac7\u7684\u662f\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u69cb\u6210\u53ca\u5176\u610f\u6db5\u3002\u800c\u73fe\u5728\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u662f\u88ab\u7528\u4f86\u6e2c\u91cf\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u3002\u4e26\u4e14\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u5730\uff0c\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u5c31\u662f\u6210\u9577\u3002\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u6216\u8a31\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u5df2\u628a\u9019\u7a2e\u7b49\u540c\u8996\u70ba\u7406\u6240\u7576\u7136\u3002\u751f\u7522\u56fa\u7136\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u4eba\u7684\u798f\u5229\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u6210\u9577\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6307\u6a19\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6e2c\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u66fe\u63d0\u51fa\u6210\u9577\u7684\u6307\u6a19\u61c9\u662f\u4ee5\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u54c1\u8cea\uff08<\/span>quality of life<\/span>\uff09\u70ba\u51fa\u767c\u9ede\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u3002\u800c\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u54c1\u8cea\u5247\u5305\u62ec\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u7269\u8cea\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u5e73\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u751f\u5b58\u7a7a\u9593\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u74b0\u5883\u3001\u4ea4\u901a\u689d\u4ef6\u3001\u793e\u6703\u6cbb\u5b89\u3001\u793e\u6703\u6b63\u7fa9\u3001\u4eba\u6027\u5c0a\u56b4\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u800c\u9019\u4e9b\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u5728\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u9019\u6307\u6a19\u4e2d\u662f\u4e0d\u88ab\u8003\u616e\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u96d6\u7136\u6e2c\u91cf\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u4f46\u7d55\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5168\u9762\u6027\u7684\u3001\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u985e\u6210\u9577\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u6307\u6a19\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u65e2\u7136\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u7576\u4f5c\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u7684\u6307\u6a19\u6709\u5982\u8a31\u7684\u7f3a\u9ede\uff0c\u70ba\u4f55\u4e0d\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6307\u6a19\u5462\uff1f\u9019\u65b9\u9762\u78ba\u5be6\u66fe\u6709\u4eba\u5617\u8a66\u904e\uff0c\u806f\u5408\u570b\u767c\u5c55\u8a08\u5283\u63a8\u51fa\u7684<\/span>Human Development Index<\/span>\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4ee5\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u5e74\u6578\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u58fd\u547d\u53ca\uff08\u7d93\u8cfc\u8cb7\u529b\u5e73\u6e1b\u904e\u7684\uff09\u5be6\u8cea\u5e73\u5747\u500b\u4eba\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u52a0\u6b0a\u5e73\u5747\u800c\u5f97\u3002\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u91d1\u5f97\u4e3b<\/span>Tobin<\/span>\u4e5f\u66fe\u65bc\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u8207\u4eba\u5408\u4f5c\u5c07<\/span>GNP<\/span>\u4f5c\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u4fee\u6b63\uff08\u53bb\u9664\u8ecd\u8b66\u8cbb\u7528\u3001\u6263\u9664\u4e00\u4e9b\u6210\u9577\u7684\u6210\u672c\u3001\u52a0\u4e0a\u4f11\u9592\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u7d93\u6fdf\u798f\u5229\u6307\u6a19\uff08<\/span>measure of economic welfare<\/span>\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5b78\u8005\u63d0\u5021\u5efa\u7acb\u7da0\u8272\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u5e33\uff08<\/span>Green national product<\/span>\uff09\u4f86\u8ffd\u8e64\u8a08\u7b97\u81ea\u7136\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9019\u4e9b\u5617\u8a66\u76ee\u524d\u4e4b\u666e\u53ca\u5ea6\u4e0d\u9ad8\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u90e8\u5206\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u9078\u64c7\u4e0a\u7684\u722d\u8b70\u53ca\u7d71\u8a08\u4e0a\u7684\u56f0\u96e3\u7b49\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u6050\u6015\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u9019\u7a2e\u6307\u6a19\u6bd4\u8f03\u9069\u5408\u9019\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u9700\u8981\u3002\u5728\u9019\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\u5236\u5ea6\u4e2d\uff0c\u751f\u7522\u6d3b\u52d5\u662f\u7531\u8ffd\u6c42\u5229\u6f64\u7684\u52d5\u529b\u6240\u9a45\u52d5\uff0c\u5229\u6f64\u5247\u4f86\u81ea\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u751f\u7522\u8207\u8cb7\u8ce3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7528\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u4f86\u8a18\u9304\u5546\u54c1\u751f\u7522\u3001\u4ea4\u6613\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u9700\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u7528\u4ee5\u4f86\u6e2c\u91cf\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u5247\u4e5f\u662f\u7b26\u5408\u9019\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\u7684\u3002\u6578\u767e\u5e74\u4f86\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\u5236\u5ea6\u78ba\u5be6\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u751f\u7522\u529b\u7684\u9769\u547d\u53ca\u7269\u8cea\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u6e96\u7684\u98db\u8e8d\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u54c1\u8cea\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5f97\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u539f\u672c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u9019\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u570b\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u5c07\u7e7c\u7e8c\u88ab\u7528\u4f86\u6e2c\u91cf\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u3001\u88ab\u7528\u4f86\u4f5c\u570b\u969b\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002\u7136\u800c\u6211\u5011\u5728\u8b80\u9019\u4e9b\u6578\u5b57\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u8981\u5c0f\u5fc3\u89e3\u91cb\u3002\u8981\u77ad\u89e3\u5230\u5176\u4ee3\u8868\u610f\u7fa9\u4e4b\u6709\u9650\u6027\u3002\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u8981\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u9019\u6307\u6a19\u539f\u4f86\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u70ba\u6e2c\u91cf\u7d93\u6fdf\u798f\u5229\u6216\u751f\u6d3b\u54c1\u8cea\u800c\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\uff01<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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