{"id":1922,"date":"2015-12-24T13:04:57","date_gmt":"2015-12-24T05:04:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.rchss.sinica.edu.tw\/wwchu\/?p=1922"},"modified":"2015-12-24T14:36:15","modified_gmt":"2015-12-24T06:36:15","slug":"%e5%b4%94%e4%b9%8b%e5%85%83%ef%bc%9a%e5%86%8d%e8%ab%87%e6%9c%97%e5%92%b8%e5%b9%b3%e9%a2%a8%e6%b3%a2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.rchss.sinica.edu.tw\/wwchu\/?p=1922","title":{"rendered":"\u5d14\u4e4b\u5143\uff1a\u518d\u8ac7\u6717\u54b8\u5e73\u98a8\u6ce2"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u300c\u6ce8\u610f\u6703\u8a08\u6046\u7b49\u5f0f\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8005\u8cc7\u7522\u53ea\u662f\u6240\u6709\u8005\u6b0a\u76ca\uff0c\u800c\u4f01\u696d\u7e3d\u8cc7\u7522\u662f\u6240\u6709\u8005\u6b0a\u76ca\u52a0\u4e0a\u8ca0\u50b5\ufe54\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8005\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a0\u596a\u672c\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u7e3d\u8cc7\u7522\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u525d\u596a\u50b5\u6b0a\u4eba\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7684\u63a0\u596a\u884c\u70ba\u5728\u4ec0\u9ebc\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u6703\u7206\u767c\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u600e\u6a23\u7684\u5b8f\u89c0\u7d93\u6fdf\u540e\u679c\u3002\u963f\u514b\u6d1b\u592b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\u201c\u63a0\u596a\u7406\u8ad6\u201d\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6c11\u71df\u79c1\u6709\u7d93\u6fdf\u6709\u91cd\u5927\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u53cd\u5c0d\u79c1\u6709\u7d93\u6fdf\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u4e5f\u8aaa\u79c1\u6709\u7d93\u6fdf\u662f\u6574\u500b\u570b\u6c11\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8981\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u79c1\u6709\u7d93\u6fdf\u6709\u5169\u91cd\u6027\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u662f\u751f\u7522\u6027\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u662f\u63a0\u596a\u6027\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u300c\u5269\u4f59\u7d22\u53d6\u8005\u7684\u5229\u6f64\u6700\u5927\u5316\u548c\u5e15\u7d2f\u6258\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u3002\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u201c\u5269\u4f59\u7d22\u53d6\u8005\u201d\u662f\u201c\u59d4\u6258\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u5718\u968a\u6210\u54e1\u662f\u201c\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u5718\u968a\u6210\u54e1\u7684\u201c\u642d\u4fbf\u8eca\u201d\u884c\u70ba\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u201c\u6557\u5fb7\u554f\u984c\u201d\uff0c\u5247\u201c\u8d6b\u59c6\u65af\u7279\u59c6\u5b9a\u7406\u201d\u610f\u5473\u8457\u59d4\u6258\u4eba\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u8457\u6557\u5fb7\u554f\u984c\u3002\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u8cc7\u672c\u5bb6\uff0d\u59d4\u6258\u4eba\u4e5f\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u98a8\u96aa\u6216\u6557\u5fb7\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6709\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u5be6\u8e10\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u4eba\u6c11\u7db2<\/span>>><\/span>\u8ca1\u7d93<\/span>>><\/span>\u8a55\u8ad6\u89c0\u5bdf<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

http:\/\/finance.people.com.cn\/BIG5\/1045\/3605605.html<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2005<\/span>\u5e74<\/span><\/span>08<\/span>\u6708<\/span>10<\/span>\u65e5<\/span>11:33<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5728\u300a\u8b80\u66f8\u300b<\/span>2004.11<\/span>\u671f\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u5df2\u7d93\u5beb\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u95dc\u65bc\u6717\u54b8\u5e73\u98a8\u6ce2\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u7c21\u55ae\u5730\u5c55\u958b\u4e00\u4e0b\u6211\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u3002\u5728\u90a3\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u6211\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u6700\u65e9\u6311\u6230\u9867\u96db\u8ecd\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u90ce\u54b8\u5e73\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u300a\u8ca1\u7d93\u96dc\u5fd7\u300b\ufe54\u5f9e<\/span>2001<\/span>\u5e74\u5e95\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u300a\u8ca1\u7d93\u96dc\u5fd7\u300b\u9023\u7e8c\u6709<\/span>3<\/span>\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u63ed\u9732\u9867\u96db\u8ecd\u4f01\u696d\u96c6\u5718\u7684\u95dc\u806f\u4ea4\u6613\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9019\u4e09\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u88ab\u6536\u5165\u5230\u5433\u656c\u7489\u5beb\u5e8f\u7684\u300a\u8ca1\u7d93\u96dc\u5fd7\u300b\u7de8\u7684\u201c\u9ed1\u5e55\u8207\u9677\u9631\u201d\u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\u3002\u6211\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u6a19\u984c\u9084\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u5433\u656c\u7489\u7684\u4e00\u53e5\u8a71\uff0c\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u597d\u7684\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u5834\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5be6\u8cea\u4e0a\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u8981\u4e0d\u8981\u6539\u9769\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u600e\u6a23\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u597d\u7684\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\u3002\u90ce\u54b8\u5e73\u53ea\u662f\u53cd\u5c0d<\/span>MBO<\/span>\uff0c\u53cd\u5c0d\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u81ea\u6211\u5b9a\u50f9\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u6536\u8cfc\u570b\u6709\u8cc7\u7522\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6240\u8b02\u201c\u6539\u9769\u201d\u61c9\u8a72\u505c\u6b62\u3002\u5728\u90ce\u54b8\u5e73\u98a8\u6ce2\u4e4b\u524d\u3001<\/span><\/span>2003<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>11<\/span>\u6708\u570b\u8cc7\u59d4\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u88e1\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u898f\u5b9a\uff0c\u201c\u5927\u578b\u570b\u6709\u4f01\u696d\u4e0d\u63d0\u5021<\/span>MBO<\/span>\u201d\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u7db2\u4e0a\u7092\u505a\u6709\u4e9b\u8aa4\u5c0e\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u4f01\u5716\u7d66\u90ce\u54b8\u5e73\u6263\u4e0a\u201c\u53cd\u6539\u9769\u201d\u7684\u5e3d\u5b50\uff0c\u662f\u5225\u6709\u7528\u5fc3\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>\u3000\u3000\u5433\u656c\u7489\u548c\u9322\u7a4e\u4e00\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u63d0<\/span>?<\/span>\u201c\u597d\u7684\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\u201d\uff1f\u4ed6\u5011\u662f\u5728\u4e9e\u6d32\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u6a5f\u7684\u6642\u5019\u8aaa\u7684\u3002\u7576\u6642\u5b78\u8853\u754c\u5c0d\u4e9e\u6d32\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u6a5f\u7522\u751f\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\u89c0\u9ede\u3002\u4e00\u7a2e\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u7d22\u7f85\u65af\u9019\u7a2e\u5916\u570b\u6295\u6a5f\u8005\u9020\u6210\u7684\ufe54\u4e00\u7a2e\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u6771\u4e9e\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u88d9\u5e36\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u548c\u5b98\u5546\u52fe\u7d50\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002\u7576\u6211\u5728\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b78\u9662\uff0c\u8ddf\u4e00\u500b\u53eb<\/span>Simon Johnson<\/span>\u7684\u6559\u6388\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u89ba\u5f97\u4ed6\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u610f\u601d\u3002\u4ed6\u8aaa\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u89c0\u9ede\u90fd\u6709\u9053\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u90fd\u6709\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8aaa\u4e9e\u6d32\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u6a5f\u5b8c\u5168\u8d77\u56e0\u65bc\u5916\u570b\u6295\u6a5f\u8005\uff0c\u5c31\u6c92\u6cd5\u89e3\u91cb\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e9e\u6d32\u570b\u5bb6\u5c0d\u5371\u6a5f\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\ufe54\u8b6c\u5982\u99ac\u4f86\u897f\u4e9e\u3001\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u3001\u97d3\u570b\u5c0d\u5371\u6a5f\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u7a0b\u5ea6\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u7528\u201c\u5916\u570b\u6295\u6a5f\u8005\u201d\u7121\u6cd5\u89e3\u91cb\u4e9e\u6d32\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u6a5f\ufe54\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u7528\u88d9\u5e36\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u548c\u5b98\u5546\u7d50\u5408\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u4e5f\u592a\u7c60\u7d71\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u6771\u897f\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u4e9e\u6d32\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u6a5f\u6642\u624d\u6709\u3002\u6709\u9452\u65bc\u6b64\uff0c<\/span>Simon Johnson<\/span>\u501f\u9452\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u963f\u514b\u6d1b\u592b\uff08\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7d93\u6fdf\u734e\u7372\u5f97\u8005\uff09\u641e\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u201c\u6240\u6709\u8005\u63a0\u596a\u6a21\u578b\u201d\uff08\u963f\u514b\u6d1b\u592b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u4e2d\u8b6f\u5df2\u767c\u8868\u65bc\u201c\u6bd4\u8f03\u201d\u96dc\u5fd7\u7b2c<\/span>15<\/span>\u671f\uff09\uff0c\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u4e9e\u6d32\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u6a5f\u3002<\/span>Simon Johnson<\/span>\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u4e9e\u6d32\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u6a5f\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u5916\u570b\u6295\u6a5f\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u88d9\u5e36\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\ufe54\u800c\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u6295\u6a5f\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u532f\u7387\u8cb6\u503c\u98a8\u96aa\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8005\u52a0\u5287\u4e86\u63a0\u596a\u672c\u4f01\u696d\u7e3d\u8cc7\u7522\u3002\u5e7e\u5e74\u524d\u6211\u548c\u738b\u5c0f\u5f37\u8abf\u67e5\u5ee3\u5dde\u570b\u969b\u4fe1\u6258\u6295\u8cc7\u516c\u53f8\u7834\u7522\u6848\u7684\u6642\u5019\u4e5f\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5728\u5b8f\u89c0\u7d93\u6fdf\u524d\u666f\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8005\u52a0\u5287\u4e86\u63a0\u596a\u672c\u4f01\u696d\u7e3d\u8cc7\u7522\u2026\u2026\u8b6c\u5982\u8f49\u79fb\u8cc7\u7522\u53bb\u6cf0\u570b\u3002\u800c\u9019\u500b\u63a0\u596a\u884c\u70ba\u6703\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u9020\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u5b8f\u89c0\u6548\u61c9\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u91cd\u7e3d\u9ad4\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u6a5f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>\u3000\u3000\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u7d93\u6fdf\u754c\u4e00\u76f4\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u7522\u6b0a\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u4ea4\u6613\u6210\u672c\u5b78\u8aaa\u3002\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u7406\u8ad6\u8996\u91ce\u88e1\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u201c\u63a0\u596a\u201d\u6216\u201c\u525d\u596a\u201d\u3002\u5728\u5f35\u7dad\u8fce\u548c\u5468\u5176\u4ec1\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u201c\u63a0\u596a\u201d\u9019\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0d\u662f\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u7684\u540d\u8a5e\uff0c\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u96bb\u6709\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u5951\u7d04\u201d\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u81ea\u7531\u4ea4\u6613\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u201c\u63a0\u596a\u201d\u548c\u201c\u525d\u596a\u201d\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u963f\u514b\u6d1b\u592b\uff08\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7d93\u6fdf\u734e\u7372\u5f97\u8005\uff09\u6070\u6070\u7814\u7a76\u201c\u63a0\u596a\u7406\u8ad6\u201d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u201c\u63a0\u596a\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u525d\u596a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6240\u6709\u8005\u4f86\u63a0\u596a\u672c\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u7e3d\u8cc7\u7522\u3002\u4e5f\u8a31\u5927\u5bb6\u5f88\u5947\u602a\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8005\u600e\u9ebc\u53ef\u80fd\u81ea\u5df1\u4f86\u63a0\u596a\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4f01\u696d\u5462\uff1f\u95dc\u9375\u5728\u65bc\u6ce8\u610f\u6703\u8a08\u6046\u7b49\u5f0f\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8005\u8cc7\u7522\u53ea\u662f\u6240\u6709\u8005\u6b0a\u76ca\uff0c\u800c\u4f01\u696d\u7e3d\u8cc7\u7522\u662f\u6240\u6709\u8005\u6b0a\u76ca\u52a0\u4e0a\u8ca0\u50b5\ufe54\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8005\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a0\u596a\u672c\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u7e3d\u8cc7\u7522\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u525d\u596a\u50b5\u6b0a\u4eba\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7684\u63a0\u596a\u884c\u70ba\u5728\u4ec0\u9ebc\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u6703\u7206\u767c\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u600e\u6a23\u7684\u5b8f\u89c0\u7d93\u6fdf\u540e\u679c\u3002\u963f\u514b\u6d1b\u592b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\u201c\u63a0\u596a\u7406\u8ad6\u201d\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6c11\u71df\u79c1\u6709\u7d93\u6fdf\u6709\u91cd\u5927\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u53cd\u5c0d\u79c1\u6709\u7d93\u6fdf\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u4e5f\u8aaa\u79c1\u6709\u7d93\u6fdf\u662f\u6574\u500b\u570b\u6c11\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8981\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u79c1\u6709\u7d93\u6fdf\u6709\u5169\u91cd\u6027\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u662f\u751f\u7522\u6027\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u662f\u63a0\u596a\u6027\u3002\u90ce\u54b8\u5e73\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u901a\u904e\u7814\u7a76\u201c\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\u63a7\u80a1\u7d50\u69cb\u201d\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u79c1\u6709\u7d93\u6fdf\u5728\u4ec0\u9ebc\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u5177\u6709\u63a0\u596a\u6027\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u201c\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\u63a7\u80a1\u7d50\u69cb\u201d\u5728\u6771\u4e9e\u7279\u5225\u660e\u986f\ufe54\u800c\u73fe\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u6070\u6070\u662f\u901a\u904e\u570b\u6709\u80a1\u7684\u5834\u5916\u6536\u8cfc\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4f4e\u50f9\u51fa\u552e\u570b\u6709\u80a1\uff0c\u628a\u539f\u4f86\u570b\u6709\u80a1\u7684\u4e00\u80a1\u7368\u5927\uff0c\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u8b8a\u6210\u4e86\u9867\u96db\u8ecd\u90a3\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u4e00\u80a1\u7368\u5927\u3002\u539f\u4f86\u570b\u6709\u80a1\u7684\u4e00\u80a1\u7368\u5927\u4e5f\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5371\u5bb3\u4e86\u5c0f\u80a1\u6771\ufe54\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u570b\u6709\u80a1\u7684\u4e00\u80a1\u7368\u5927\u548c\u79c1\u4eba\u7684\u4e00\u80a1\u7368\u5927\u9084\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u5132\u84c4\u8cb8\u6b3e\u5354\u6703\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7576\u6642\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u63a0\u596a\u7684\u7279\u5225\u53b2\u5bb3\u5462\uff1f\u56e0\u70ba\u5132\u84c4\u8cb8\u6b3e\u5354\u6703\u6309\u539f\u4f86\u7684\u898f\u5b9a\u5fc5\u9808\u81f3\u5c11\u6709<\/span><\/span>400<\/span>\u500b\u80a1\u6771\uff0c\u540e\u4f86\u516b\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u88e1\u6839\u7576\u653f\u7684\u6642\u5019\u53d6\u6d88\u4e86\uff0c\u8b8a\u6210\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u96bb\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u80a1\u6771\u3002\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6240\u6709\u8005\u4ee5\u63a0\u596a\u672c\u4f01\u696d\u7e3d\u8cc7\u7522\u70ba\u52d5\u6a5f\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u5c31\u6bd4\u539f\u4f86\u7684<\/span>400<\/span>\u500b\u80a1\u6771\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u591a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u628a\u63a0\u596a\u7406\u8ad6\u5f15\u5165\u5230\u4f01\u696d\u7406\u8ad6\u88e1\u4f86\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u767c\u73fe\u80a1\u6771\u591a\uff08\u5982\u679c\u662f\u570b\u6709\u80a1\uff09\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u50cf\u4e00\u500b\u79c1\u4eba\u5927\u80a1\u6771\u90a3\u9ebc\u5bb9\u6613\u63a0\u596a\u672c\u4f01\u696d\u7e3d\u8cc7\u7522\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>\u3000\u3000\u5f9e\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u963f\u514b\u6d1b\u592b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\u201c\u63a0\u596a\u7406\u8ad6\u201d\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u53cd\u601d\u524d\u5e7e\u5e74\u975e\u5e38\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u59d4\u6258\uff0d\u4ee3\u7406\u201d\u7406\u8ad6\u3002\u9019\u500b\u7406\u8ad6\u5df2\u7d93\u5148\u884c\u5047\u8a2d\u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u98a8\u96aa\u201d\u6216\u201c\u6557\u5fb7\u201d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u800c\u59d4\u6258\u4eba\u5247\u6c92\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u98a8\u96aa\u6216\u6557\u5fb7\u554f\u984c\u3002\u5f35\u4e94\u5e38\u8001\u559c\u6b61\u8209\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u4f86\u8aaa\u660e\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8cc7\u672c\u5bb6\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4ed6\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bb6\u9109\u56db\u5ddd\u7684\u4e00\u7fa4\u7e96\u592b\u5728\u62c9\u8239\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u60f3\u642d\u4fbf\u8eca\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u60f3\u4f7f\u52c1\u62c9\ufe54\u6240\u4ee5\u7e96\u592b\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u4e3b\u52d5\u8acb\u4e00\u500b\u8cc7\u672c\u5bb6\u4f86\u7528\u97ad\u5b50\u62bd\u4ed6\u5011\u3002\u5f35\u4e94\u5e38\u9019\u500b\u201c\u62bd\u97ad\u5b50\u7406\u8ad6\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u5047\u5b9a\u8cc7\u672c\u5bb6\u2500\u2500\u59d4\u6258\u4eba\u6c92\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u98a8\u96aa\u3002\u963f\u514b\u6d1b\u592b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\u201c\u63a0\u596a\u7406\u8ad6\u201d\u5247\u8aaa\u660e\u59d4\u6258\u4eba\u4e5f\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u98a8\u96aa\u6216\u6557\u5fb7\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>\u3000\u3000\u6211\u5728<\/span>1994<\/span>\u5e74\u548c\u5f35\u7dad\u8fce\u5728\u300a\u7d93\u6fdf\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u4e0a\u6709\u500b\u722d\u8ad6\uff0c\u6211\u5f37\u8abf\uff0c\u201c\u59d4\u6258\uff0d\u4ee3\u7406\u7406\u8ad6\u201d\u7684\u65b0\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u51fa\u4e0d\u50c5\u201c\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u201d\u6709\u201c\u6557\u5fb7\u201d\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u201c\u59d4\u6258\u4eba\u201d\u4e5f\u6709\u201c\u6557\u5fb7\u554f\u984c\u201d\u3002\u9019\u4e00\u7d50\u8ad6\u662f\u201c\u8d6b\u59c6\u65af\u7279\u59c6\u201d<\/span>(Holmstrom)<\/span>\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5b9a\u7406\u201d\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u8d6b\u59c6\u65af\u7279\u59c6\u662f\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b78\u9662\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u201c\u59d4\u6258\uff0d\u4ee3\u7406\u201d\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u5275\u59cb\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4ed6\u8a3c\u660e\u4e86\u5982\u4e0b\u7684\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5b9a\u7406\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u7d0d\u4ec0\u5e73\u8861\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5e15\u7d2f\u6258\u6700\u512a\u201d\u5728\u201c\u9810\u7b97\u5e73\u8861\u201d\u7684\u5718\u968a\u4e2d\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u6642\u5be6\u73fe\u7684\u3002\u5728\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u7d0d\u4ec0\u5e73\u8861\u201d\u662f\u201c\u500b\u4eba\u7406\u6027\u201d\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u201c\u5e15\u7d2f\u6258\u6700\u512a\u201d\u662f\u201c\u96c6\u9ad4\u7406\u6027\u201d\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u201c\u9810\u7b97\u5e73\u8861\u201d\u5247\u6307\u5718\u968a\u7684\u7522\u51fa\u5c07\u5168\u90e8\u88ab\u5718\u968a\u6210\u54e1\u5206\u4eab\uff08\u4f46\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4eba\u5747\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8d6b\u59c6\u65af\u7279\u59c6\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5b9a\u7406\u201d\u53c8\u53ef\u88ab\u9673\u8ff0\u70ba\uff1a\u5728\u201c\u9810\u7b97\u5e73\u8861\u201d\u7684\u5718\u968a\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u500b\u4eba\u7406\u6027\u201d\u548c\u201c\u96c6\u9ad4\u7406\u6027\u201d\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u3002\u6700\u521d\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u201c\u8d6b\u59c6\u65af\u7279\u59c6\u5b9a\u7406\u201d\u53ef\u7528\u4f86\u652f\u6301\u963f\u723e\u6b3d\u548c\u5fb7\u59c6\u585e\u8328\u7684\u79c1\u6709\u5236\u7406\u8ad6\u3002\u963f\u6c0f\u548c\u5fb7\u6c0f\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u5718\u968a\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u7e3d\u7121\u6cd5\u514b\u670d\u201c\u642d\u4fbf\u8eca\u201d\uff08\u5077\u61f6\uff09\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5718\u968a\u4e4b\u5916\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u76e3\u7763\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5f35\u4e94\u5e38\u7684\u201c\u62bd\u97ad\u5b50\u7406\u8ad6\u201d\ufe54\u800c\u8ab0\u4f86\u76e3\u7763\u201c\u76e3\u7763\u8005\u201d\u5462\uff1f\u963f\u6c0f\u548c\u5fb7\u6c0f\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e4b\u9053\u5728\u65bc\u4f7f\u76e3\u7763\u8005\u6210\u70ba\u5718\u968a\u7522\u51fa\u7684\u201c\u5269\u4f59\u7d22\u53d6\u8005\u201d<\/span>(residual claimant)<\/span>\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u6709\u8005\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u4f86\uff0c\u201c\u76e3\u7763\u8005\u201d\u5c31\u6709\u5e72\u52c1\u4e86\u3002\u201c\u8d6b\u59c6\u65af\u7279\u59c6\u5b9a\u7406\u201d\u8a3c\u660e\u4e86\u9810\u7b97\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u5718\u968a\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u6642\u5be6\u73fe\u201c\u500b\u4eba\u7406\u6027\u201d\u548c\u201c\u96c6\u9ad4\u7406\u6027\u201d\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u53ef\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u542b\u7fa9\uff1a\u70ba\u4e86\u540c\u6642\u5be6\u73fe\u201c\u500b\u4eba\u7406\u6027\u201d\uff08\u7d0d\u4ec0\u5e73\u8861\uff09\u548c\u201c\u96c6\u9ad4\u7406\u6027\u201d\uff08\u5e15\u7d2f\u6258\u6700\u512a\uff09\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u6253\u7834\u201c\u9810\u7b97\u5e73\u8861\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u5718\u968a\u6210\u54e1\u6240\u5f97\u4e4b\u548c\u8981\u5c0f\u65bc\u5718\u968a\u7e3d\u7522\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u4f5c\u70ba\u201c\u5269\u4f59\u7d22\u53d6\u8005\u201d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\u6070\u6070\u6eff\u8db3\u4e86\u6253\u7834\u201c\u9810\u7b97\u5e73\u8861\u201d\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>\u3000\u3000\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u51fa\u4e4e\u610f\u6599\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u5c0d\u201c\u8d6b\u59c6\u65af\u7279\u59c6\u5b9a\u7406\u201d\u7684\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6709\u7406\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u537b\u88ab\u767c\u73fe\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u81ea\u8eab\u8a2d\u4e0b\u7684\u9677\u4e95\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\uff0c\u82e5\u8a2d\u539f\u4f86\u6709\u500b\uff4e\u500b\u4eba\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u52a0\u4e0a\u201c\u5269\u4f59\u7d22\u53d6\u8005\u201d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u9084\u53ef\u8996\u5176\u5168\u9ad4\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u201c\uff4e\uff0b\uff11\u201d\u500b\u4eba\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u5718\u968a\u3002\u800c\u95dc\u9375\u5728\u65bc\uff0c\u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u201c\uff4e\uff0b\uff11\u201d\u4eba\u7684\u5718\u968a\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u201c\u9810\u7b97\u5e73\u8861\u201d\u9084\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff08\u56e0\u201c\u5269\u4f59\u201d\u96bb\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u5718\u968a\u7e3d\u7522\u51fa\u6e1b\u53bb\u6210\u54e1\u7e3d\u6240\u5f97\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u5c07\u201c\u5269\u4f59\u201d\u52a0\u4e0a\u6210\u54e1\u7e3d\u6240\u5f97\u9084\u662f\u7b49\u65bc\u5718\u968a\u7e3d\u7522\u51fa\uff09\uff0c\u6545\u6839\u64da\u201c\u8d6b\u59c6\u65af\u7279\u59c6\u5b9a\u7406\u201d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u201c\uff4e\uff0b\uff11\u201d\u4eba\u7684\u5718\u968a\u4ecd\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u6642\u5be6\u73fe\u201c\u500b\u4eba\u7406\u6027\u201d\u548c\u201c\u96c6\u9ad4\u7406\u6027\u201d\u3002\u73fe\u5728\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u201c\uff4e\uff0b\uff11\u201d\u5718\u968a\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u5269\u4f59\u7d22\u53d6\u8005\u201d\u7684\u201c\u500b\u4eba\u7406\u6027\u201d\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\u201c\u5229\u6f64\u6700\u5927\u5316\u201d\uff0c\u5c07\u201c\u96c6\u9ad4\u7406\u6027\u201d\u89e3\u91cb\u70ba\u201c\u5e15\u7d2f\u6258\u6700\u512a\u201d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4ee4\u4eba\u9707\u9a5a\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>\u3000\u3000\u5269\u4f59\u7d22\u53d6\u8005\u7684\u5229\u6f64\u6700\u5927\u5316\u548c\u5e15\u7d2f\u6258\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u3002\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u201c\u5269\u4f59\u7d22\u53d6\u8005\u201d\u662f\u201c\u59d4\u6258\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u5718\u968a\u6210\u54e1\u662f\u201c\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u5718\u968a\u6210\u54e1\u7684\u201c\u642d\u4fbf\u8eca\u201d\u884c\u70ba\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u201c\u6557\u5fb7\u554f\u984c\u201d\uff0c\u5247\u201c\u8d6b\u59c6\u65af\u7279\u59c6\u5b9a\u7406\u201d\u610f\u5473\u8457\u59d4\u6258\u4eba\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u8457\u6557\u5fb7\u554f\u984c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a2d\u60f3\uff0c\u5269\u4f59\u7d22\u53d6\u8005\u548c\u5718\u968a\u6210\u54e1\u8a02\u4e0b\u4e00\u500b\u96c6\u9ad4\u5408\u540c\uff0c\u898f\u5b9a\u7522\u91cf\u82e5\u4e0d\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u6578\u503c\uff0c\u6574\u500b\u5718\u968a\u6210\u54e1\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u67d0\u9805\u6536\u5165\ufe54\u4f46\u201c\u5269\u4f59\u7d22\u53d6\u8005\u201d\u537b\u53ef\u4ee5\u201c\u6557\u5fb7\u201d\uff0c\u63a1\u7528\u6536\u8cb7\u5718\u968a\u6210\u54e1\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u8fa6\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f7f\u5718\u968a\u7e3d\u7522\u51fa\u8207\u898f\u5b9a\u6578\u503c\u76f8\u6bd4\u96bb\u5dee\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u4ed6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4e0d\u5fc5\u6309\u539f\u5b9a\u984d\u652f\u4ed8\u6536\u5165\u7d66\u5718\u968a\u6210\u54e1\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u53c8\u6c92\u6709\u91cd\u5927\u640d\u5931\u3002\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u8cc7\u672c\u5bb6\uff0d\u59d4\u6258\u4eba\u4e5f\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u98a8\u96aa\u6216\u6557\u5fb7\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6709\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u5be6\u8e10\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u9322\u7a4e\u4e00\u4e3b\u7de8\u7684\u201c\u6bd4\u8f03\u8b6f\u53e2\u201d\u4e2d\u6700\u8fd1\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u570b\u969b\u8ca8\u5e63\u57fa\u91d1\u7d44\u7e54\u9996\u5e2d\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6\u548c\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b78\u4e00\u4f4d\u91d1\u878d\u5b78\u5bb6\u5408\u8457\u7684\u201c\u5f9e\u8cc7\u672c\u5bb6\u624b\u4e2d\u62ef\u6551\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201d\u4e00\u66f8\uff08\u4e2d\u4fe1\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c<\/span>2004<\/span>\u5e74\uff09\u3002\u4e5f\u8a31\u6bd4\u201c\u5f9e\u8cc7\u672c\u5bb6\u624b\u4e2d\u62ef\u6551\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u201d\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6a19\u984c\u662f\u201c\u5f9e\u8cc7\u672c\u5bb6\u624b\u4e2d\u62ef\u6551\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u597d\u7684\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\u201d\u6216\u201c\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\u201d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u4eba\u6c11\u7db2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\uff08\u8cac\u4efb\u7de8\u8f2f\uff1a\u5e84\u7d05\u97dc<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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